Vocabulary
Term Definition
Hardware The parts of a computer or server that are physical (such as a hard drive or motherboard).
Software The virtual part of the computer that tells it what to do and is made of code.
Peripheral A device connected to a computer but not essential to the function of the computer. For example, a printer.
Web Browser For example:
  • Google Chrome
  • Mozilla Firefox
  • Microsoft Edge
Protocol A standard procedure for handling data transfers between computers.
Network A set of interconnected computers.
Intranet A local or restricted network of computers; not connected to the worldwide network of computers known as the internet.
Internet The worldwide network of computers which allows all connected computers to exchange information.
Server A computer which hosts and serves information to other computers (clients) on a network.
Client A computer that receives information from a network server.
Web Page A page written in hypertext markup language that is on the world wide web.
Web Site A set of connected web pages with hyperlinks between them, all on the same domain.
URL A Uniform Resource Locator (URL) is
HTML Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) is the programming language used to code web pages to tell a web browser what to display.
HTTP Htpertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is the protocol used to transfer hypertext files over the internet.
ISP An Internet Service Provider (ISP) is a company (or entity) that provides internet connection service.
FTP File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is the protocol used to transfer files over the internet.
Cookie A packet of data that is stored on a computer from a server that is sent by the browser every time the server is accessed.
CSS Cascading Style Sheets is a style sheet language used for formatting HTML documents.
LAN A local area network (LAN) is a restricted netword of computers that connects computers within a limited area, such as a school or office.
WAN A wide area network (WAN) is a computer network, as opposed to a LAN, that spreads over a wide area. This can be used by large companies, for example.
Web Host A company that, for a fee, allows people to host websites on their servers.
Tag The small "snippets" of code that do things in HTML.
For example:
  • <div>
  • <table>
  • <ul>
  1. Label and describe the different parts of the URL: http://www.mrdunston.com
    • http:// is the protocol used to transfer data. In this case, it is hypertext transfer protocol.
    • www. tells us that the location we are trying to reach is on the world wide web.
    • mrdunston.com is the domain name within the WWW where the files are stored that we are trying to access.
  2. What is a web beacon?
    • A web beacon is a way of tracking users' behavior on a website. It consists of a transparent, usually 1x1 image file embedded in the HTML code. When the client makes a request for the image, it is tracked on the server side.
  3. List three commonly used search engines other than Google.
    • Bing
    • Yahoo!
    • DuckDuckGo
  4. Give two examples of proper netiquette.
    1. In terms of behavioral standards, don't do anything online that you wouldn't do offline. For example, if you wouldn't say something mean to your friend in person, don't do it online.
    2. Respect other people's privacy.
  5. Who controls the Internet?
    • The W3C, or World Wide Web Consortium, is the main organization that controls and maintains standards for the internet.
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